10 Facts About the Element Iodine (Atomic Number 53 or I)

Iodine is element 53 on the periodic table, with element symbol I. Iodine is an element you encounter in iodized salt and some dyes. A small amount of iodine is essential for nutrition, while too much is toxic. Here are facts about this interesting, colorful element. The Name Iodine comes from the Greek word iodes, which means violet. Iodine vapor is violet-colored. The element was discovered in 1811 by French chemist Bernard Courtois. Courtois discovered iodine by accident while he was making saltpeter for use in the Napoleonic Wars. Making saltpeter required sodium carbonate. To get sodium carbonate, Courtois burned seaweed, washed the ash with water, and added sulfuric acid to remove contaminants. Courtois discovered adding an excess of sulfuric acid produced a cloud of purple vapor. While Courtois believed the vapor was a previously unknown element, he couldnt afford to research it, so he offered samples of the gas to his friends, Charles Bernard Desormes and Nicolas Clement. They characterized the new material and made Courtois discovery public. Isotopes Many isotopes of iodine are known. All of them are radioactive except for I-127, which is the only isotope found in nature. Because there is only one natural isotope of iodine, its atomic weight is precisely known, rather than an average of isotopes like most elements. Color and Other Properties Solid iodine is blue-black in color, with a metallic sheen. At ordinary temperatures and pressures, iodine sublimates into its violet gas, so the liquid form is not seen. The color of iodine follows a trend seen in the halogens: they appear progressively darker as you move down the group of the periodic table. This trend happens because the wavelengths of light absorbed by the elements increases due to the behavior of the electrons. Iodine is slightly soluble in water and more soluble in nonpolar solvents. Its melting point and boiling point are the highest of the halogens. The bond between atoms in the diatomic molecule is the weakest in the element group. Halogen Iodine is a halogen, which is a type of non-metal. It is located beneath fluorine, chlorine, and bromine on the periodic table, making it the heaviest stable element in the halogen group. Thyroid The thyroid gland uses iodine to make the hormones thyroxine and triiodotyronine. Insufficient iodine leads to development of a goiter, which is a swelling of the thyroid gland. Iodine deficiency is believed to be the leading preventable cause of mental retardation. Excessive iodine symptoms are similar to those of iodine insufficiency. Iodine toxicity is more severe if a person has a selenium deficiency. Compounds Iodine occurs in compounds and as the diatomic molecule I2. Medical Purpose Iodine is used extensively in medicine. However, some people develop a chemical sensitivity to iodine. Sensitive individuals may develop a rash when swabbed with tincture of iodine. In rare cases, anaphylactic shock has resulted from medical exposure to iodine. Food Source Natural food sources of iodine are seafood, kelp and plants grown in iodine-rich soil. Potassium iodide often is added to table salt to produce iodized salt. Atomic Number The atomic number of iodine is 53, meaning all atoms of iodine possess 53 protons. Commercial Source Commercially, iodine is mined in Chile and extracted from iodine-rich brine, notably from the oilfields in the US and Japan. Prior to this, iodine was extracted from kelp. Iodine Element Fast Facts Element Name: IodineElement Symbol: IAtomic Number: 53Atomic Weight: 126.904Group: Group 17 (Halogens)Period: Period 5Appearance: Metallic blue-black solid; violet gasElectron Configuration: [Kr] 4d10  5s2  5p5Melting Point: 386.85  K  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹(113.7  Ã‚ °C, ​236.66  Ã‚ °F)Boiling Point: 457.4  K ​(184.3  Ã‚ °C, ​363.7  Ã‚ °F) Sources Davy, Humphry (1 January 1814). Some Experiments and Observations on a New Substance Which Becomes a Violet Coloured Gas by Heat. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 104: 74. doi:10.1098/rstl.1814.0007Emsley, John (2001). Natures Building Blocks (Hardcover, First ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 244–250. ISBN 0-19-850340-7.Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.Swain, Patricia A. (2005). Bernard Courtois (1777–1838) famed for discovering iodine (1811), and his life in Paris from 1798 (PDF). Bulletin for the History of Chemistry. 30 (2): 103.Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

Orwells Comparing Animal Farm and The Russian System Of...

Orwells Comparing Animal Farm and The Russian System Of Communism Animal Farm is a satire and prophecy of the Russian revolution, which was written by George Orwell in 1945. George Orwell was a political satirist who led a somewhat strange life. His original name was Eric Arthur Blair, which was later changed to his familiar pen name for its manly, English, country-sounding ring. He was a lonely boy and had many uncertain jobs until he finally became a writer, crossing political and artistic ideas into most of his books. The novel Animal Farm is George Orwells way of portraying his ideas, criticisms and negative opinions on the Russian revolution, and therefore is negatively biased against†¦show more content†¦The novel has many direct relationships to the Russian revolution, and many of the characters in the story represent actual people involved in the Russian revolution, whereas some characters represent a social group just by themselves. This is done to keep the allegory of the farm realistic; if there were millions of horses becaus e they represented the working class, the novel would become very unrealistic. An example: Napoleon the pig represents Stalin, whereas Boxer the horse represents the exploited working class who were the backbone of the communist revolution. He works exceedingly hard, believing it is for the good of all his comrades, when it is only the pigs that are really benefiting. The ultimate betrayal of the working class is represented when Boxer is given to the glue factory when it is found he can no longer maintain his hard work. There are also characters in the book that show how the ideologies of communism are doomed to fail. These are characters such as Mollie the horse, who is very lazy, and takes advantage of the supposed All animals are equal policy. She does very little work, and is not punished in any way, nor has any negative consequences. This character represents one of Orwells predictions of the failure of the actual Soviet revolution, and shows quiteShow MoreRelatedHow Has George Orwell Used Animal Farm to Present His View of Human Nature?789 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Orwell’s Animal Farm is a satirical allegory through which he presents his cynical view of human nature. He uses the animal fable effectively to expose the issues of injustice, exploitation and inequality in human society. Orwell uses the allegory, Animal Farm, to present the story of The Russian Revolution and essentially express his opinions on the matter. By plainly exposing the unjust and corrupt system that is communism, Orwell is ultimately presenting his pessimistic view of human

Scarborough Issues Free Essays

Scarborough issues Both the Philippines and China continue to assert sovereignty over the same area in the South China Sea. We therefore have an â€Å"international dispute,† an element necessary before one can go to an international court. We want to settle the dispute through the judicial resolution provision in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (Unclos); but China does not. We will write a custom essay sample on Scarborough Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now That is the bind we are in. Suppose, however, that China eventually agrees to go to court. Can the Unclos be the source of resolution? If we appeal to the convention, will we be contradicting ourselves, as some claim, by laying claim to an area which is outside the geographical limits of Philippine territory as delineated in the Treaty of Paris? Indeed, the Treaty of Paris is a good starting point. But the treaty is an 1890 document drafted and entered into on the basis of the understanding of what maritime laws were at that time and their limitations. At that time the division of the law of waters was only between the territorial sea and the high seas. It said nothing beyond territorial waters. However, more jurisdictional divisions beyond territorial waters have developed since 1890. The territorial sea, as originally conceived, was the body of water which a coastal state could defend with the current range of cannons, a rather short distance. This was later expanded to the present 12 nautical miles. Within the territorial sea a coastal state could exercise certain restricted rights. Beyond the territorial sea were the high seas which were open to use and exploration by all. Things have changed radically since the early development of international law. The division into territorial sea and high seas is still there. But there have now come to be recognized certain zones of jurisdiction beyond the territorial waters. These developments are functional and resource-oriented and have come to threaten those who rely on traditional maritime rules. Thus, when you read of 22 Chinese vessels preventing Filipino vessels from entering the area around Scarborough Shoal, this is the problem we want the Unclos to resolve. The Unclos is not just a codification of customary international law but also goes beyond traditionally accepted rules. What are the new developments? First of all, we have to think of baselines. The Unclos allows states to draw baselines along the low water mark surrounding a coastal state. The baselines can either follow the indentations of the coast or they can be straight lines drawn from point to point. Straight baselines are allowed in archipelagos like the Philippines. Following the Unclos, we drew our baselines through the adoption of Republic Act 9522 modifying an earlier law. The baselines are important because the various zonal jurisdictions begin from there. Inward from the baselines are the internal waters over which a state exercises the same kind of jurisdiction it has over land. Outward from the baselines are 12 nautical miles of territorial sea. This is still traditional international law. But recently there have been recognized, beyond the territorial sea and within the high seas, new zones of limited jurisdiction. These new zones of limited jurisdiction are the contiguous zone (24 nautical miles), exclusive economic zone (200 nautical miles), and the continental shelf. These are covered by complicated rules that are under the Unclos. In some areas there has also been recognized an exclusive fish zone (200 nautical miles). The new zones, especially the exclusive economic zones of neighboring states, can overlap. The rules for resolving overlapping jurisdictions are also found in the Unclos. The Philippines has been asking China to go to court to resolve issues that have arisen in the Scarborough area. We also have issues with other neighboring states. These too will eventually have to be resolved through the Unclos. The problem we have with China is not just about waters but also about land area. A state’s claim to any portion of the sea begins from its terrestrial jurisdiction. We have conflicting terrestrial jurisdiction with China. We are claiming land areas that are outside the lines drawn by the Treaty of Paris. The challenge for us is to be able to justify our claims under the present state of international law. Merely citing the shape or date of old maps will not settle the issues. The Philippines will not abandon its claim simply on the basis of the lines of the 1890 Treaty of Paris. We should not surrender our claims simply on the basis of old maps. There is new international law jurisprudence on conflicting land claims which have to be studied to see how applicable it is to the current conflicting claims. This is a challenge to the Philippine government. Is solidifying our claim to terrestrial area essential to winning our maritime claims? Under RA 9522 we reasserted our claim to a â€Å"regime of islands† outside the Philippine archipelago. Islands, according to the Unclos, also have their maritime jurisdiction. (I am not sure if Scarborough Shoal qualifies as an island under Unclos. ) But the waters there are 120 nautical miles off the Zambales mainland, or within our exclusive economic zone. That is one basis of our claim, a good point to start from. P. S. Incidentally, Dr. Benito Legarda Jr. corrected me when I said in a previous column that Bajo de Masinloc means Below Masinloc. He is right. I have found since then that â€Å"Bajo† is the old form of â€Å"bajio† which means shoal. How to cite Scarborough Issues, Essay examples

Contemporary Issues in Accounting Journal of Intellectual Capital

Question: Discuss about theContemporary Issues in Accountingfor Journal of Intellectual Capital. Answer: Introduction I It has been found that mentioned articles have introduced some critical perceptions regarding integrated reporting Dumay et al., (2016, p. 2). One of the articles is Integrated Reporting: A Structured Literature Review that mainly focuses on the development of the insights of the integrated reports that offers research critique to the date (Abeysekera, 2013, p. 13). It also highlights and structures the opportunities of the future research. As per Dumay et al., (2016, p. 1) the accountants have challenged regarding the traditional financial business reporting model and stated that this particular model does not satisfy the need of information that is required by the stakeholders of a company for assessing the performance of an organization. On the contrary, as per the strategic report of British American Tobacco, the strategic diagram composed of mission, vision, guiding principles and strategic highlighted areas along with usage of color-coding guides the investors to gather deta iled information ("Bat.com", 2014, , p. 14). D The main issue in case of first article is that it has been mentioned that the traditional financial business reporting model is not sufficient enough for providing information to the stakeholders of a company Dumay et al., (2016, p. 2). However, the author has not mentioned the proper or appropriate model that can satisfy the stakeholders by providing adequate information (Eccles Krzus, 2010, p. 23). On the other hand, in the annual report, it has been mentioned that the use of color-coding in the model will help the stakeholders to gather detailed information ("Bat.com", 2014, p. 14). The key similarity between these two articles is that both the authors have highlighted on providing detailed information to the stakeholders of a company (Abeysekera, 2013). E ("Bat.com", 2014, p. 14) and (Dumay et al., 2016, p. 2) are the two sources that presents the articles that explains the integrated reporting and the necessity of sustainability accounting. Its benefit is that it helps in maintaining corporate governance and in improving transparency. However, demit is that security might not concurrence with the IIRC framework. References Abeysekera, I. (2013). A template for integrated reporting.Journal of Intellectual Capital,14(2), 227-245. Bat.com. (2014).Bat.com. Retrieved 1 November 2014, from https://www.bat.com/group/sites/uk__9d9kcy.nsf/vwPagesWebLive/DO9DCL3B/$FILE/medMDA87PVT.pdf?openelement Dumay, J., Bernardi, C., Guthrie, J., Demartini, P. (2016, September). Integrated reporting: A structured literature review. InAccounting Forum(Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 166-185). Elsevier. Eccles, R. G., Krzus, M. P. (2010).One report: Integrated reporting for a sustainable strategy. John Wiley Sons.

The Changing Face of Management Education free essay sample

Higher education especially in management faculty in India stands at a crossroads. Without change, the traditional university structure of educating and training tomorrow’s business leaders is likely to be surpassed and discarded in the increasingly diverse and technological global economy. To provide our students with the talents necessary to compete in this marketplace, we must recognize and accept the challenges before us today.Internationalization of the business school curriculum is no longer a luxury. The complexities of worldwide markets must be integrated into the core undergraduate as well as post graduate management educational framework. The existence of an institution shall depend upon the quality of education and training offered. In future fittest will survive for which quality product service will be the key aspect. If we, as academics, accept the challenges before us today, there is no reason we cannot retain our position as the preeminent provider of high-quality educational services for decades to come. We will write a custom essay sample on The Changing Face of Management Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So, it is an immediate requirement to shape the management education in accordance with the global changes to improve competitiveness with the total quality management. Therefore, in the present paper, an effort has been made to examine the current education system with special reference to management education system and to find out ways for quality improvements in the present management education system so that business schools respond to current paradigms.Relevance of the study: Education in India falls under the control of both the Union Government and the states, with some responsibilities lying with the Union and the states having autonomy for others. The various articles of the Indian constitution provide for education as a fundamental right. Most universities in India are Union or State Government or deemed. The Indian government is making sincere and progressive efforts at primary education. But there is an emerging need for such efforts at higher education also. Because higher education is necessary for one to achieve excellence in the line one is best.Hence one should be selected for higher education on the basis of merit only. Commerce and management education is an educational strategy and relates to real organizational problems. Management education in India is not very old; it has taken its practical shape during early sixties with establishment of Indian Institute of Management to train the people with management concepts. After that many institutions, universities have also come forward to provide management education to cater the increasing demand of good managers. At the time of independence, Indian economy was developing and hence we required bureaucratic management skills.However about 60 years after independence, the Indian economy has become more mature and hence we require entrepreneurial management skills. It is experienced that our management schools may have failed to meet this challenge. Therefore there is a need to revamp our management education. In the era of global competitiveness, we have to exercise utmost care to safeguard, Indias interest to see that India does not loose in international arena. In the era of these fast emerging changes, there is a need for future global managers with qualities and competencies in global perspective. Quality is the only currency, which is accepted universally and it is also true in the case when product is education. Every customer is now quality conscious. In management education, quality has become a necessity and circumstances require total quality management. To make India an intellectual capital of the world, we have to rethink about the management education and effort should be made to create a dynamic environment, which can quality technical education colleges. The Indian B-Schools might have to take many initiatives to stand up to the challenge.The solution seems to be, While the affiliated colleges are needed to be more autonomy-both financial and academic, the autonomous institutions have to strengthen their curriculum. As more and more well-educated and well-equipped talent emerges, the task of talent selection becomes even more complex. Companies find it increasingly difficult to identify and zero in on the right candidate for the right job. The onerous task of hiring the best will become more and more difficult; the situation will be exacerbated by the requirement of greater numbers of people on-the-job.The emergence of such a new dimension has already begun. Companies are feeling the need for global standards to benchmark human resources and academics are encouraging the use of merit-based candidate selection systems. Indias position as a lead contributor to the global IT human resources pool will need to be supported by the adoption of global standards for talent selection. Therefore main objective of the current paper is to study present scenario of management education in India as well as opportunities and challenges in management education system. 2.

Working Moms VS Non Working Moms free essay sample

Every mother has different circumstances to decide eather to stay home with their children or to resume work as soon as they can. Some families need the extra money to support their children while others make enough to live comfortably while only the father works. The world will never be happy with the way families choose to raise their children. Mothers that works and stay-at- home moms may raise their children differently, but neither is better than the other. Weather they are stay-at-home moms or working moms society will find a way to discriminate them. Employed mothers seem to always get the bad end of the deal. Just because a other works does not mean that she is a bad mother. Her children may act out and people Just assume that it is probably because she is a working mom and does not spend much time with her children. People do not look into the situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Working Moms VS Non Working Moms or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That mom may be a mom that works all day long and comes home and goes straight to bed, but she may also be a loving mother that comes home and cooks dinner for her family sun-e 2 and spends quality time with them outside of work. Her children may Just be having a rough time at school or with friends. Research shows that daughters of employed others have higher academic achievement and greater career success. They have also been found to be more independent and show less acting-out behavior. Studies have shown that sons of employed mothers have lower I. Q scores. It has also been documented that the sons did well academically but their was a strain on their father-son relationship because men felt as if the women were running the family. According to The Effects of the Mothers Employment on the Family and the Child the majority of sons and daughters of employed mothers agreed that men could do female activities and women could do male activities. They said that both men and women were equal and that if a women was working all day it was only fair if her spouse helped do chores around their home. Children of working mothers have been shown to be more responsible at a younger age. If their mom is working the children would be asked to help do chores around the house. They also have to learn to do things on their own sometimes because with their mom working they may not always be there at the exact time that they need them. A mother being employed does have some negative effects on a family, but for the most part a working mothers children howed higher test scores, good behavior, and daughters seemed to have more self- esteem. From television, people Just assume that stay-at-home have the perfect families. On TV, the kids of stay-at-home moms do great in school and behave really well, while of for their family. In all actuality most stay-at-home moms have young children that they are constantly chasing around and taking care of so their homes may never really be that super clean house. They spend their days cleaning up after their children, cooking meals for their families, and spending quality time with their children teaching them Suire 3 things. Studies have actually shown that children with stay-at-home mothers score lower on many school standardized tests and IQ tests. It has also been shown that children in these families do not believe that the mother can do things that their father can do, and that their father should not have to help clean and cook in the home. In most of the studies done in The Effects of the Mothers Employment on the Family and the Child, the children of stay-at-home moms scored lower on nearly almost every test. The children seemed to be slower in school and less sociable. It was harder for them to interact with other children because most of them had Just een around their mother until it was time for them to begin their schooling years. A lot of the children also had behavior issues. They got too much attention as a child so they were used to being the center of attention. They would act in in school so classmates and teachers would notice and give them the attention they were so used to always receiving. These children were also less independent. They were used to having everything handed to them by their mothers and expected everyone to Just do everything for them. Children with stay-at-home moms struggle more in school and have a harder time picking up on things. Although studies have shown many negative things about children with stay-at-home moms, there are also many benefits. Some experts in early childhood development believe theres no substitute for the consistency and nurturing of parental care, especially if the alternative is poorly funded childcare. (http://www. babycenter. com/o_staying-at-home-pros-and- cons_6025. bc) Studies have shown that children that spend all day in daycares have more stress and agression than the ones cared for at home. Stay-at-home mothers have the advantage of knowing that their children are being taken care of by a erson that will always be around. They also get to be there for all of their childrens firsts and it is not a stranger getting to see them walk or talk first. Staying home with children saves families a Suire 4 lot of money, because daycares can be very expensive. Stay-at-home moms are not how they are portrayed on television, but they are not bad mothers it is great that they can spend so much time with their children while they are young.

Let Him Have It Essays

Let Him Have It Essays Let Him Have It Essay Let Him Have It Essay In the film version of the case of Craig and Bently-Let Him Have it the director has chosen to be bias and uses it in different ways. Bias is when you only have a one sided view of something. The film can show that the director is biased. The things that show this are that you get much more background information on Derek Bently and his family. Immediately this favours Derek Bently as the audience watching feel closer and more informer on his background, so therefore they know more about him and want him to win this case. The director has chosen go give information and situations of Dereks epilepsy. The first scene of the film is of the blitz in the war and Derek under the rouble. This is what the doctors thought caused the epilepsy. The director also chooses to show Derek in a situation where he starts to have an epileptic fit, once his parents have decided to let him go out on his own. Both these ideas that the director has selected can make the audience feel pity for Derek seeing as in the film the doctors say that because of his condition he is believed to have the mind of an 11-year-old. On the other hand Christopher Craig has not been focussed on as much as Bentley. The only background information given about Craig is that he is a bad influence and can be a gangster, as he has grown up with an older brother. The director chooses to show the audience the scene where Craigs brother Neven is arrested. This can show that Craigs family is not very loving and can be rather rough. These background facts are of a negative nature. Other than Craigs brother, we do not get any other information about his family. Derek Bentleys family; Iris, hi smother and his father, play a very big role in the whole story, and the audience is shown that Derek has a warm and loving home life and is given the care he needs with his condition. The audience can see that before Derek Bently came into contact with Christopher Craig he was a pleasant boy. He was influenced and could have maybe felt pressured to act gangster like around him, so he went ahead with the scam of the butchers warehouse. This however all goes wrong and a police officer is accidentally murdered! One scene that shows bias in the film is the trial scene. This showed bias as throughout the scene it seemed as though Derek Bentley was receiving an unfair trial. The director used many things to show bias towards Bentley in this scene he uses language, music, colour, camera shots and the setting and scenery. These collectively show a very one-sided view of the murder and the trial. In the trial scene Medek uses characterisation to show bias. Chris Craig is presented to be a very sarcastic, guilty boy. He is made out to be the villain. When he was given his sentence after being given his sentence there is a shot of him smiling. This showed Craig as not even caring that he has been proven guilty for murder. Also he is sarcastic when the judge asked if he took his guns to school, Craig replied Well not all at the same time. This shows a lack of respect for he judge and Craig is again perceived as the villain. However Bentley is shown to be very nervous and scared about what could happen. We are told that Bentley is illiterate and not very intelligent this also made the audience sympathise as it was why he was acting in the way he was. He didnt seem to know what to do or say, his head was mostly down and gave very short quick answers to the prosecutor. Another character was the judge he portrayed bias, as he seemed to already know who was guilty before even sentenc ing. When making a closing statement he emphasised the fact the Bentley had a knuckle-duster he said it was a, horrible weapon. This shows bias as the judge is supposed to be an impartial person who looks fairly at the evidence and is not supposed to sway the jury in any way. This gives the impression that Bentley was not given a fair trial. In the trial scene a combination of many things that encourage bias. The first of these is music. Music is only used for a few seconds; this is while Bentley is being taken down to his cell. This was very solemn music played by violins that make you feel very sorry for Bentley. Also colour is used to great effect. For example Bentley is wearing a pale blue suit whereas most other people are wearing dark suits. This shows Bentley to look very innocent also because it would seem that he does not know what to wear in this sort of situation as it is all new to him. Whereas Craig seems very comfortable and confident as if he knows exactly what is going to happen, as if it were routine for him. Also camera shots are used effectively. One effective use of the camera was when you could see the courtroom from Bentleys eyes. When he looked at the jury he moved on quickly however when he saw at his family he moved across slowly as he was looking for help and support. Also it shows that Bentley has a loving family, and on the other hand Craig has no family present that we can see. The only actually family we are introduced to in the film is his older brother who was arrested and taken to prison. This would make you think that if Bentley had such a caring family why would he want to help to kill someone. Also the camera shot of Bentley eventually gets closer and closer to him. Here you can see that he is trembling and is incredibly upset, this would make people very sympathetic. Craig was only shown to being sarcastic and rude. This has shown that Peter Medek was very successful at achieving sympathy from the audience for Derek Bentley and his family through bias. The overall dramatic impact of the directors effects is likely to make viewers believe that Bentley was given an unfair trial and was innocent. As well as this they are likely to believe that Craig was a very manipulative person who persuaded Bentley to go with him. Also Craig was shown to be an arrogant person who cares only about himself.